title: "Examples" description: "Practical examples of Flow usage with Y-combinator and asynchronous processing." lead: "Real-world examples demonstrating Flow's capabilities." date: 2024-01-15T15:21:01+02:00 lastmod: 2024-01-15T15:21:01+02:00 draft: false images: [] menu: docs: parent: "getting-started" weight: 45 toc: true

Examples

This section provides practical examples demonstrating Flow's capabilities with Y-combinator and asynchronous processing.

HTTP Chunk Processing with Flow and Y-Combinator

This example demonstrates how to adapt the AsyncDecoratorTrait POC to use Flow with Y-combinator and asynchronous processing.

Overview

The original AsyncDecoratorTrait POC from SymfonyLive Paris 2023 demonstrates how to:

• Make HTTP requests and process chunks as they arrive
• Handle 404 errors with retry logic
• Make additional HTTP requests for each item in the main response
• Merge additional data into the main response stream
• Control concurrency

This Flow adaptation achieves the same goals using:

• Flow's functional programming approach
• Y-combinator for recursive processing
• Asynchronous processing with multiple drivers
• Clean data flow between jobs

Architecture

Data Models

// HTTP Request Data
class HttpRequestData {
    public function __construct(
        public int $id,
        public string $url,
        public array $options = [],
        public ?string $method = 'GET'
    ) {}
}

// HTTP Response Data
class HttpResponseData {
    public function __construct(
        public int $id,
        public string $content,
        public int $statusCode,
        public array $headers = [],
        public ?array $parsedData = null
    ) {}
}

// Chunk Data (carries data through the flow)
class ChunkData {
    public function __construct(
        public int $id,
        public string $content,
        public bool $isFirst = false,
        public bool $isLast = false,
        public mixed $additionalRequests = null
    ) {}
}

// Final User Data
class UserData {
    public function __construct(
        public int $id,
        public string $name,
        public string $email,
        public ?array $availabilities = null,
        public ?array $posts = null
    ) {}
}

Flow Jobs

1. HTTP Request Job: Makes the initial HTTP request
2. Parse Response Job: Parses the response and handles 404 errors
3. Process Chunks Job: Uses Y-combinator to recursively process chunks
4. Make Additional Requests Job: Makes additional HTTP requests using Y-combinator
5. Merge Data Job: Merges additional data with main response
6. Finalize Job: Outputs the final results

Y-Combinator Usage

The Y-combinator is used in two key places:

1. Chunk Processing: Recursively processes chunks and prepares additional requests
2. Additional Requests: Recursively makes additional HTTP requests

// Y-combinator wrapper
$Ywrap = static function (callable $func, callable $wrapperFunc): JobInterface {
    $wrappedFunc = static fn ($recurse) => $wrapperFunc(static fn (...$args) => $func($recurse)(...$args));
    return new YJob($wrappedFunc);
};

// Usage in Flow
yield new YFlow($processChunksRecursively);
yield [$makeAdditionalRequestsAsync];

Key Features

1. Asynchronous Processing

• Uses Flow's async drivers (AmpDriver, ReactDriver)
• Processes multiple requests concurrently
• Handles delays and timeouts gracefully

2. Error Handling

• Handles 404 errors with automatic retry
• Graceful fallback to alternative URLs
• Continues processing even if some requests fail

3. Data Flow

• Clean data transformation through the flow
• Type-safe data models
• Immutable data structures

4. Concurrency Control

• Processes multiple users concurrently
• Makes additional requests in parallel
• Efficient resource utilization

Usage

php examples/httpchunkflow.php

Comparison with AsyncDecoratorTrait

Benefits of Flow Adaptation

1. Functional Programming: Clean, composable functions
2. Y-Combinator: Elegant recursive processing
3. Type Safety: Strong typing with data models
4. Async by Design: Built-in asynchronous processing
5. Testability: Easy to test individual jobs
6. Maintainability: Clear separation of concerns
7. Extensibility: Easy to add new processing steps

Example Output

Using Flow\Driver\AmpDriver driver
Starting HTTP chunk processing with Flow and Y-combinator...

*. #1 - Making HTTP request to https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users
*. #2 - Making HTTP request to https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users/404
*. #3 - Making HTTP request to https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users
*. #1 - HTTP request completed with status 200 (took 1.0 seconds)
.* #1 - Parsing HTTP response
..* #1 - Processing chunks with Y-combinator
...* #101 - Making additional request to https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users/1/todos
...* #1101 - Making additional request to https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users/1/posts
....* Merging additional data with main response
.....* Finalizing results
User #1: John Doe (john@example.com)
  - Todos: 3 items
  - Posts: 2 items
    Todo examples: Todo 1, Todo 2, Todo 3
    Post examples: Post 1, Post 2
Processing completed successfully!

Conclusion

This Flow adaptation demonstrates how to:

• Convert imperative, callback-based code to functional, flow-based code
• Use Y-combinator for elegant recursive processing
• Leverage Flow's asynchronous capabilities
• Maintain the same functionality while improving code quality and maintainability

The result is a more elegant, testable, and maintainable solution that achieves the same goals as the original AsyncDecoratorTrait POC.

Comparison Demo

A simple demonstration comparing the AsyncDecoratorTrait approach with Flow + Y-Combinator:

php examples/comparison_demo.php

This demo shows the key differences between the two approaches and highlights the benefits of using Flow for functional programming and asynchronous processing.